This page includes information on fires and disasters. Young readers may wish to skip over this page or read this page with an adult due to the possible difficult subject matter found on this page.
This page lists some fires and dates significant to Montreal area firefighting history. As Montreal has developed over the years, the fire department has also evolved and moved through different stages of growth. Montreal has also had its share of fires and disasters over the years. Some of these incidents offer valuable lessons which are still valid today. Other incidents provide an opportunity to appreciate how firefighting has changed over the years. By studying incidents of the past, perhaps we can learn from history rather than making our own tragic mistakes.
Fire prevention and firefighting don't normally get noticed or reported until tragedy occurs. As a result a high price often has to paid for lessons learned. No one hears about the fire that didn't start because of efficient prevention. The small fire that is rapidly extinguished is also quickly forgotten. Over time, the lessons from fires past and fire prevention get forgotten until another tragedy occurs and the lessons are learned yet again. Technology has improved throughout the 20th century and firefighting has become more efficient and the threat of fire has become smaller. However the lessons of the past still need to be rememberred to help maintain and improve our level of safety.
When we are lulled into a false sense of security and let our guard down history has an uncanny habit of repeating itself. Today's technology has brought about great reductions in fire losses, however it is important to make sure our fire service resources and organziations are maintained at a level sufficient required to meet today's challenges. Modern communication technologies are very fast and reliable and beyond belief compared to those of the past. We must make sure that the gains of modern communications are not lost to bureaucracy. Recent history shows us that it is still important, to remember lessons of the past, and that we maintain viable firefighting and fire prevention resources.
01 May 1863 - The Montreal Fire Department is Born - The law setting up the Montreal Fire Department as a professional organization under city control comes into effect today. The Chief Engineer is Alexander Bertram.
June 1871 - First Steamer Arrives - The Montreal Fire Department receives its first steam pumper, a Shand Mason model imported from England. A footnote to this event, another English steam fire engine maker, Merryweather and Son's, in an 1882 catalogue list a Montreal class of Steam Fire Engines, a patent single cylinder design, made in three different sizes. (Another topic to research.)
20 April 1905 - St Genevieve Convent Fire - Fifteen people were killed after a fire broke out during the evening at the St Anne's Convent in the village of St Genevieve. It was believed the fire started when an elderly resident went to look for a pipe and some tobacco to smoke. Possibly a match was dropped starting the fire. The community was virtually helpless as there was no firefighting material available. Apparently many in the community had been reluctant to purchase equipment as there had been no need in the past. The alarm was delayed as it was initially thought that the furnace was acting up, as there had been a situation which created much smoke in the recent past. It was feared that the town would be lost but a shift in the wind saved the situation. A rider was dispatched to the nearest train station, CPR Beaconsfield about 3 miles away, to seek help from Montreal. Adequate confirmation was never received and in the end no help was sent. If help had been sent it would have been too little, too late. Assuming a train would be ready, it would take at least one hour to load the horses and equipment, travel time to the drop point, and then more time to unload and struggle to the fire scene.
In the end 10 girls, four elderly women, and a nun lost their lives and the convent along with a nearby home were destroyed. The girls had been trapped on the upper floors and didn't have time to escape. This incident lead to some recommendations such as improving fire drills at convents and schools, reinforcing a campaign to upgrade fire escapes at institutions, consideration to putting dormitories on lower floors, and placing the kitchen on upper floors.